The Silo Breaker

Functional silos (Design Dept, Dev Dept, QA Dept) optimize for "Resource Utilization" but destroy "Flow Efficiency." Work sits in queues between departments, waiting for approval or availability.

Cross-functional teams (Squads) contain all the skills necessary to deliver value from start to finish. This eliminates handoffs and queues, allowing for rapid iteration and feedback.

Conway's Law states: "Organizations which design systems are constrained to produce designs which are copies of the communication structures of these organizations."